Levels of functional capacity and quality of life in institutionalized older adults at kkottongnae home – paraguay, 2025
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71112/jac27h15Keywords:
functional capacity, quality of life, older adults, institutionalization, ParaguayAbstract
This study analyzed the levels of functional capacity and quality of life among institutionalized older adults at Hogar Kkottongnae, Paraguay, in 2025. A quantitative, descriptive, and correlational approach was applied using the Barthel Index to assess functional independence and the WHOQOL-BREF to evaluate quality of life. Results showed a predominance of moderate (35%) and severe (25%) dependence, along with moderate levels of quality of life across most domains. A direct association was observed between functional independence and higher perceptions of well-being. The findings suggest that maintaining autonomy and providing continuous physical stimulation are key determinants of well-being in institutionalized elderly individuals. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen interdisciplinary rehabilitation programs and person-centered care strategies to promote active and healthy aging in institutional settings.
Downloads
References
Aranco, N., Bosch, A., & Stampini, M. (2022). Aging in Latin America and the Caribbean: Social protection and quality of life of older persons. Inter-American Development Bank. https://doi.org/10.18235/0004445 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18235/0004287
Albuquerque Araújo, L., Icaza, G., Márquez, C., Albala, C., & col. (2024). Social relationships and their association with the functional capacity of older Chilean adults: Longitudinal evidence. BMC Geriatrics, 24, Article 616. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-05184-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-024-05184-x
Cordeiro, L. M., Paulino, J. L., Bessa, M. E. P., Borges, C. L., & Leite, S. F. P. (2015). Quality of life of frail and institutionalized elderly. Acta Paulista de Enfermagem, 28(4), 361–366. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0194201500061 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0194201500061
Cano, F., Alves, E., Guedes de Pinho, L., & Fonseca, C. (2024). Functional capacity of institutionalized older people and their quality of life, depressive symptoms and feelings of loneliness: A cross-sectional study. Nursing Reports, 14(4), 3150-3164. https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep14040229 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nursrep14040229
Cardona, D., Segura, A. M., & Agudelo, C. A. (2008). Capacidad funcional y factores asociados en adultos mayores. Revista de Salud Pública, 10(5), 663–675. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0124-00642008000500006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0124-00642008000500006
Castilho-Weinert, L. V., Takeda, S. Y. M., Guimarães, A. T. B., Gonçalves, A. M., Zanini, L. M., Cavalcanti, A. I., Grigório, J. M., Cunha, J. B. da S., Bonfim, A. F., & Ximendes, G. S. (2014). Functional performance and quality of life in institutionalized elderly individuals. Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, 30 (4), 275–281. https://doi.org/10.1097/TGR.0000000000000036 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/TGR.0000000000000036
Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL). (2023). Observatorio Demográfico 2023: Envejecimiento y estructura poblacional en América Latina y el Caribe. Naciones Unidas. https://www.cepal.org/es/publicaciones
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2023). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (6th ed.). Sage Publications. https://spada.uns.ac.id/pluginfile.php/510378/mod_resource/content/1/creswell.pdf
Domingues, F. S., Souza, G. A., & Ribeiro, A. P. (2022). Functional performance and quality of life in institutionalized older adults. Journal of Geriatric Physical Therapy, 45(3), 145–152. https://doi.org/10.1519/JPT.0000000000000309. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1519/JPT.0000000000000309
Dirección General de Estadística, Encuestas y Censos. (2022). Informe nacional sobre el avance en la implementación del Plan de Acción Internacional de Madrid sobre el Envejecimiento, período 2017-2022. Coordinación del informe, República del Paraguay. Recuperado de https://www.gerontologia.org/portal/archivosUpload/uploadManual/informe_paraguay_plan_de_accion_de_madrid_sobre_envejecimiento.pdf.
Domingues, L. B., Marques, M., Camargo, M. E., & Souza, A. F. (2022). Functional capacity and quality of life of older adult’s practitioners of physical activity. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 28, e102200127. DOI: 10.1590/S1980-657420220001422. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-657420220001422
Domínguez, M. R., Pérez, S., & Cárdenas, J. (2020). Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Barthel en adultos mayores institucionalizados. Revista Médica del Hospital Nacional de Clínicas, 15(3), 45–53.
Fried, L. P., Tangen, C. M., Walston, J., Newman, A. B., Hirsch, C., Gottdiener, J., … McBurnie, M. A. (2001). Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype. The Journals of Gerontology: Series A, 56(3), M146–M156. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/56.3.M146 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/56.3.M146
Haro, M., González, L., & Vargas, P. (2021). Validación de la Escala de Barthel en adultos mayores latinoamericanos: Estudio multicéntrico. Revista Latinoamericana de Gerontología y Geriatría, 12(2), 89–97. https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2007-74592022000100113.
Hernández-Sampieri, R., Mendoza, C., & Baptista, P. (2022). Metodología de la investigación (7.ª ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Khan, H. T. A. (2024). Public health challenges and responses to the growing older population. Public Health Practice, 5, 100213. https://doi.org/10.1002/puh2.213 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/puh2.213
Laguado, E., Camargo, N., Campo, J., & Martín, J. (2017). Factores asociados a la calidad de vida en el adulto mayor institucionalizado. Revista Cuidarte, 8(2), 1588–1599. https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i2.398 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v8i2.398
Lucas-Carrasco, R., Laidlaw, K., & Power, M. J. (2011). Suitability of the WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD for Spanish older adults. Aging & Mental Health, 15(5), 595-604. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2010.548054 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2010.548054
Mahoney, F. I., & Barthel, D. W. (1965). Functional evaluation: The Barthel Index. Maryland State Medical Journal, 14 (2), 61–65. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14258950/
Naciones Unidas. (2020). Agenda 2030 para el desarrollo sostenible. Organización de las Naciones Unidas. https://sdgs.un.org/goals
Núñez-Othón, G., Romero-Pérez, E. M., Camberos, N. A., Horta-Gim, M. A., Tánori-Tapia, J. M., & de Paz, J. A. (2023). Functional capacity of non-institutionalized older adults from Northwest Mexico: Reference values. Healthcare, 11(12), 1733. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11121733 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11121733
Pinillos, F., & Prieto, C. (2012). Efectos de la institucionalización en la autonomía de las personas mayores. Revista de Psicología y Salud, 22(3), 65–74. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=3146626
Meza-Paredes, J. V., Aguilar-Rabito, A., & González, L. (2022). Estado nutricional, fuerza de prensión manual y condición funcional en adultos mayores institucionalizados. Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, 20(3), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2022.020.03.60 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2022.020.03.60
Sahar, J., Rekawati, E., Wati, D. N. K., & Rachmawati, U. (2019). Improved functional status and quality of life among the public institutionalized elderly in Jakarta. Enfermería Clínica, 29(Suppl 2), 336-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.06.005 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.06.005
Sampaio, A., Marques-Aleixo, I., Seabra, A., Mota, J. H., Marques, E. A., & Carvalho, J. (2020). Physical fitness in institutionalized older adults with dementia: Association with cognition, functional capacity and quality of life. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 32(3), 423–432. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01445-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01445-7
Santamaría-García, H., Martínez-Hernández, A., Mejía, F. A., Torres, L. M., Rueda, P., Vargas, C., Fuentes, R. (2023). Factors associated with healthy aging in Latin America. Nature Medicine. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02495-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02495-1
World Health Organization (2024). Ageing and health: Fact sheet. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ageing-and-health
World Health Organization. (1998). WHOQOL user manual. Geneva: Author. https://iris.who.int/server/api/core/bitstreams/4c5cd94a-599e-450f-9141-4a21a7b74849/content
World Health Organization. (2015). World report on ageing and health. Geneva: World Health Organization. ISBN 9789241565042. Recuperado de https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241565042
World Health Organization. (2024). Healthy ageing. Pan American Health Organization. https://www.paho.org/en/healthy-aging
World Medical Association. (2013). Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA, 310 (20), 2191–2194. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.28105 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Raquel Noemi Arguello de Barrios., Miguela Beatriz Larroza Villalba., Oscar Teodoro Ortiz Samaniego., Cristhian De Jesús Alvarez Olmedo., Lorenzo Ariel Barrios Argüello. (Autor/a)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.






