Verificación independiente y control de calidad en dactiloscopía forense: gestión del sesgo de confirmación mediante el modelo ITELC para el peritaje auxiliar en México
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71112/8pw9jw29Schlagwörter:
verificación independiente, sesgo de confirmación, dactiloscopía forense, control de calidad, ACE-V, factores humanos, peritaje auxiliar.Abstract
La verificación dactiloscópica pierde capacidad de control cuando el segundo examinador conoce la conclusión, las notas o el candidato seleccionado por el primero. Este artículo desarrolla y formaliza el protocolo ITELC-Verificación para separar preparación ciega, análisis independiente, comparación secuencial, evaluación sellada y resolución documentada de discrepancias. Mediante una investigación aplicada de desarrollo metodológico y una síntesis normativa dirigida de estándares, estudios empíricos y disposiciones procesales, se distinguen revisión técnica y verificación ciega, se articulan tres instrumentos auditables —FCI, MVC y PED— y se proponen criterios proporcionales al riesgo. El protocolo pretende reducir contaminación contextual, preservar trazabilidad y fortalecer la contradicción probatoria en el peritaje auxiliar mexicano, particularmente en Tamaulipas.
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Literaturhinweise
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Nota explicativa
En este artículo, “ciega” significa desconocimiento de las decisiones, conclusiones y datos observados por el primer examinador; no supone ausencia total de información. El verificador puede recibir datos técnicos del soporte, matriz o revelado cuando sean necesarios, siempre que el gatekeeper justifique su entrega, documente el momento de acceso y evite revelar información de identidad o de resultado antes del sellado.
Agradecimientos
El autor agradece a la comunidad científica y profesional cuyas contribuciones en dactiloscopía forense, factores humanos y aseguramiento de la calidad han orientado este análisis. Las propuestas, interpretaciones y conclusiones son responsabilidad exclusiva del autor.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Alfredo García Anaya (Autor/a)
Dieses Werk steht unter der Lizenz Creative Commons Namensnennung 4.0 International.
